Organic Africa

181. Establishing a new cocoa plantation

Establishing a new cocoa plantation The natural habitat of cocoa trees is the tropical rainforest in South and Central America, where the tree predominantly grows in alluvial forests within the spher

182. Introduction

Introduction Cocoa (Theobroma cacao) plantations are one of the most important forms of land use and are of enormous economic importance to developing countries in the humid tropics. The main cocoa p

183. Marketing and organic certification of citrus production

Marketing and organic certification of citrus production Present organic citrus production is still less than 2 % of the total global citrus production. However, it is increasing yearly in parallel w

184. Management of animal health

Management of animal health A healthy animal is in a much better position to cope with disease and parasite infections and will grow and produce at a normal rate. However, the health and well-being o

185. Organic certification and marketing

Organic certification and marketing Animal products are commonly targeted for the local market in the producing countries whereby local demand normally surpasses the supply. In such situations, there

186. Handling of animal products

Handling of animal products With the appearance of diseases like mad cow disease, avian flu and health problems caused by bacteria like Salmonella and E. coli, there is increasing public awareness of

187. Appropriate and safe housing

Appropriate and safe housing Animal housing should aim to create an environment that offers protection from predators, heat, rain and theft, be easy to manage and have as much free movement as possib

188. Introduction

Introduction Beekeeping describes the skill of keeping bees for income and food. Beekeeping offers a good opportunity for farmers to start up a small-scale business. Bees produce several products inc

189. Processing honey

Processing honey Processing of bee products must be done in a bee proof space. To avoid that bees enter the room, all openings must be closed with fine wire mesh. For processing the following equip

190. Harvesting honey

Harvesting honey What is the right time to harvest the honey? Honey harvesting must be done at the right time using the right equipment. Hives should be harvested in 3 to 4 weeks after onset of th